[CIS-PAGID] a question about a 20 mo old boy with FTT

[YaeJean Kim]

Dear all,

I have another 20 mo old boy to ask your opinions. Sorry but this is long.

20 mo old boy presented with chronic sino-pulmonary infections.
already has 4 hospitalization d/t pneumonia to other hospital in 2010

This time, first presented to other hospital d/t influenza and pneumococcal
bacteremia for which he received ICU care (IVIG was given)
He continued to have desaturation and pulmonary sx -> transferred to our
PICU.

FHX: his sister died at age 3 y d/t aspiration pneumonia per mom. She
had develpmental delay, FTT and serious infection [r/o pulmonary TB (AFB
trace one time-> medication done, candida septisemia (nosocomial?)], seizure
disorder. [immune w/o of sister showed normal DHR, lympho subset shoed
decreased NK (less than 1%), C4 (5.2)] no further w/o.

Back to this patient:
His condition has been up and down (pulmonary sx aggravated with eating, we
were concerned about gastroesophageal reflux and plan to pH monitoring but
missed the chance to do the study..esophagogram was done to check for H type
TE fistula which was negative.

His lab on arrival at our hospital:
CBC (2/19)  4.77-42.1-142K (diff count: S75, L21, M3.6), NAC 3.5, ALC 1.0

DHR negative, IgG 787 mg/dL, IgA 73 mg/dL, IgM 452 mg/dL, IgE 0 U/mL,  CH50
44 U/mL
 -> before we got the lympho subset..based on incrased IgM, we did CD40/CDL
flow which was OK.

Lympho subet
CD 19:  0.18 x10^9/L [median 0.8 (nl range 0.2-2.1)]
CD3:     0.74             [2.3 (nl 0.9-4.5)]
CD4      0.67             [1.3 nl 0.5-2.4)]
CD8      0.69             [0.8 (nl 0.3-1.6)]
NK        0                 [0.4 (nl 0.1-1.0)]

CD19   19%   [24 (14-44)]
CD3     77%   [64 (43-760)]
CD4     70%   [37 (23-48)]
CD8     9%     [24 (14-33)]
NK       0%     [10  (4-23)]

He has now CMV antigenemia over 100/slide for which he is on ganciclovir, I
started bactrim (no PCP identified though), and he also has on amp/sulbactam
(sinusitis and pneumonia, d/t prabable aspiration..)
His chest CT (1/26 outside hospital): multifocal consolidation and
peribronchild infilraion wih multiple mediastinal LN enlargement (this was
after influenza, pneumococcal bacteremia)
a f/u chest CT (2/19 on arrival to our hospital): internal
improvement...with periportal edema..

NOW, his condition really deteriorated after (waxing and waning over the 10
d), He is in PICU again. lympho proliferation is pending..other gene studies
pending..
with ganciclovir, he has significant cytopenia..1.35-30.8-31K: we are giving
GCSF..
He has thyroid function abnormality, persistent hyponatremia...

I thougth first he might have hyper IgM..then I thought SCID. But the
initial lympho subset could have been just low d/t recent significnat
infection and the percent does not really match..He has 0% of NK cell (his
sister had also low countss)..
His IgG went down from 787 to 226 after about 1 days...I gave further IVIG.

At this point, I'd like to ask your opinion about which direction I should
go to narrow down the ddx.
Thanks a lot.

YaeJean
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